Many mobile games implement paywalls, a monetization strategy whereby players are periodically forced to stop playing the game for a short period of time unless payments are made.

Gas atomization is the most common approach used to produce powders of metallic alloys, and the high cooling rates involved frequently lead to the formation of non-equilibrium microstructures and phases.

Developing compact algorithms for accurate electrodynamic calculations with minimal computational cost is an active area of research given the increasing complexity in the design of electromagnetic composite structures.

A need exists to develop realistic surfaces, with differing degrees of surface roughness, to standardize methods for sampling and cleaning of environmental contaminants.

Maxwell's vector field equations and their numerical solution represent significant challenges for physical domains with complex geometries.

The human (h) ZIP4 transporter is a plasma membrane protein which functions to increase the cytosolic concentration of zinc.

It is shown that the 33 complex rays in three dimensions used by Penrose to prove the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem have the same orthogonality relations as the 33 real rays of Peres, and therefore provide an isomorphic proof of the theorem.

This paper shows how a method developed by Van Steenwijk can be generalized to calculate the resistance between any two vertices of a symmetrical polytope all of whose edges are identical resistors.

The classic Hodgkin-Huxley model is widely used for understanding the electrophysiological dynamics of a single neuron.

Artemisinin is a highly effective sesquiterpene lactone therapeutic produced in the plant, Artemisia annua.

Stress fields emerging from the transfer of forces between cells within multicellular systems are increasingly being recognized as major determinants of cell fate.

Percussive aerophones are configurable, modular, scalable, and can be constructed from readily-available materials. They can produce rich timbres, a wide range of pitches and complex polyphony.

Human-robot musical interaction typically consists of independent, physically-separated agents.

We used a recurrent neural network as a fitness function for a genetic algorithm to generate monophonic solos.

Self-organization of kinesin-driven, microtubule-based 3D active fluids relies on the collective dynamics of single microtubules. However, the connection between macroscopic fluid flows and microscopic motion of microtubules remains unclear.

We present a method for using temperature to tune the flow speeds of kinesin-driven, microtubule-based three-dimensional (3D) active fluids.

Supported single metal atoms embody active, efficient catalysts. Much effort in the literature has focused on late transition metals, but understanding the reactivity and stability trends across all metals is key to developing new metal catalysts.

This paper investigated the feasibility of using lightweight aggregate (LWA) as a medium for incorporating phase change material (PCM) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) in order to extend pavement life by reducing the magnitude of temperature fluctuations.

The energy spectrum has substantially reduced degeneracies compared to the analytically determined energy levels of the infinite-barrier quantum box of the same dimensions.

The purpose of this study was to compare inflammatory responses, tissue integration, and strength of the acellular dermal collagen matrices AlloDerm®* Regenerative Tissue Matrix, Permacol™**Surgical Implant (Permacol), and CollaMend™*** Implant in a rat model.

Cells have the ability to actively sense their mechanical environment and respond to both substrate stiffness and stretch by altering their adhesion, proliferation, locomotion, morphology, and synthetic profile.

The goal of this study was to develop a system to rapidly generate engineered tissue constructs from aggregated cells and cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) to enable evaluation of cell-derived tissue structure and function.

The goal of this work is to determine how cells actively alter their traction force in response to long-term physiological cyclic stretch as a function of cell pre-stress.

In this study, we introduce and verify a highly reproducible in vitro method for studying dystrophic calcification of cardiac valvular interstitial cells, considered to be a key mechanism of clinical CAVD.

This article outlines a versatile method to create cell-derived tissue rings by cellular self-assembly. Smooth muscle cells seeded into ring-shaped agarose wells aggregate and contract to form robust three-dimensional (3D) tissues within 7 days.

Extracellular matrices without animal components and with high mechanical strength are needed for the development of the next generation of viable skin replacements.

Despite significant advances in the fabrication of bioengineered scaffolds for tissue engineering, delivery of nutrients in complex engineered human tissues remains a challenge.

Office-based endoscopic procedures are becoming an increasingly attractive option for the treatment of laryngeal abnormalities, but their effectiveness is limited by the lack of articulation in currently available surgical instruments.

Bi2S3 is a non-toxic n-type semiconductor, which has been commonly synthesized in the form of quantum dots or nanocrystalline films by solution deposition methods.

This experimental programme employs length‐scale analysis of measured profiles to quantitatively discriminate the surface textures of stone flakes manufactured from East Anglian chalk flint used on four contact materials (shell, wood, dry hide and soaked antler).

A strong correlation is found between machined surfaces and their fatigue limits.

The specific objective of this project is to contribute to the understanding of how line affects the time and speed of a ski racer on a given course. The broader objective is to better understand how course setting might be used to mitigate injury potential.

TiO2/graphene composites have shown promise as photocatalysts, leading to improved electronic properties.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with special forms may exhibit novel properties, which are different compared to conventional carbon nanotubes and may open a way for future applications.

We present a decentralized algorithm to achieve segregation into an arbitrary number of groups with swarms of autonomous robots. The distinguishing feature of our approach is in the minimalistic assumptions on which it is based.

This study explores ultrafast carrier dynamics and interactions of photoexcited carriers with lattice vibrational modes in BiVO4 photoanode material using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy and first-principles phonon spectrum calculations.

Artemisinin is a molecule crucial for treating malaria. Naturally produced in the plant Artemisia annua, this sesquiterpene lactone has broad therapeutic efficacy against a variety of parasites, viruses, and neoplasms with a diverse effect on the immune system.

We quantified the chemical species present at and reactivity of the (100) face of tetrahedral single-crystal methylammonium lead iodide, MAPbI3(100), and polycrystalline cesium tin bromide, CsSnBr3.

Dual-liquid-junction photoelectrochemistry and finite-element computational modeling quantified the effect on open-circuit photovoltage, Voc, of varying barrier heights at the back, traditionally ohmic contact to a semiconductor.

A challenge in fundamental physics and especially in thermodynamics is to understand emergent order in far-from-equilibrium systems.

Self-healing rebar coatings were prepared and investigated for steel-reinforced concrete, with the goal of creating coatings that can withstand construction site damage.

As modern day electronics develop, electronic devices become smaller, more powerful, and are expected to operate in more diverse configurations.

Loss-based congestion control protocols, such as TCP CUBIC, can unnecessarily fill router buffers, adding delays that degrade application performance, particularly streaming video.

The surface electromyogram (EMG) from biceps and triceps muscles of 33 subjects was related to elbow torque, contrasting EMG amplitude (EMGσ) estimation processors, linear/nonlinear model structures, and system identification techniques.

Online games rely upon matchmaking systems to group players into teams and to match teams against other teams for balanced, fun gameplay.

Technology advances have brought a growth in live streaming, where users can broadcast real-time videos of the games they are playing to interested viewers.

Understanding the traffic characteristics of thin client games is important for building traffic models and classifiers and planning network infrastructures to meet future demand.

OnLive is a thin-client, cloud-based, video game streaming service. As part of their service, OnLive must distribute game content to their servers in a manner that provides good performance for the players while using hardware resources effectively.

Traditionally, most software patches have primarily fixed bugs or improved performance in previously released software.

Drug delivery systems capable of local sustained release of small molecule therapeutics remain a critical need in many fields, including oncology.

This article describes an incremental rhetorical experiment to insert human-focused (ethical) equipment into a technical project that adapted a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9 gene-editing system.

A Body Area Network (BAN) consists of a set of sensing devices deployed on a person (user) typically for health monitoring purposes.

Rankings distill a large number of factors into simple comparative models to facilitate complex decision making.

This study explores how nanostructuring SnS 2 in the form of vertically-aligned nanoflakes to increase the surface area impacts the lifetime and microscopic conductivity of photoinjected carriers compared to the bulk SnS 2 .

Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is a highly pleiotropic member of a large family of growth factors with a broad range of activities, including mitogenesis and angiogenesis (Ornitz et al., 1996; Zhang et al., 2006).

The anti‐malaria drug artesunate and other chemical analogs of artemisinin have demonstrated cytostatic and cytotoxic effects in bacterial and cancer cells.

Fibroblast activation is a key step in the establishment of skin fibrosis induced by acute injury, and it is characterized by the differentiation of plastic resident tissue fibroblasts into contractile, extracellular matrix‑secreting myofibroblasts.

Previous human and animal studies have demonstrated the ability of exogenously administered basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) to act as an antifibrotic agent in the skin.

Fibrosis is a pathological form of aberrant tissue repair, the complications of which account for nearly half of all deaths in the industrialized world.

The purpose of the present research was to examine the perceptions of women who drink in social contexts through the lens of dehumanization.

In this paper, we describe BrainEx, a tool for similarity exploration of brain data for neuroadaptive technology.

Over the last 20 years, interest in diverting waste from landfills and recovering energy from waste materials has grown significantly.

This paper is an initial effort to articulate the rhetorical work of analytics for technical writers and designers of technical information.

This study examines the efficacy of using electronic health record data to assess the outcomes of outpatient care for chronic disease management.

In the last decade, the moss Physcomitrella patens has emerged as a powerful plant model system, amenable for genetic manipulations not possible in any other plant.

This paper introduces a novel crowdsourcing consensus model and inference algorithm—which we call PICA (Permutation-Invariant Crowdsourcing Aggregation).

This paper discusses the unique patterns evolved through phase separation of a bulk liquid crystal (LC) from the self-assembly of lysozyme induced by evaporation of de-ionized water only.

Metal oxides with moderate band gaps are desired for efficient production of hydrogen from sunlight and water via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting.

Long used as a therapeutic tea by the Chinese to treat fever, Artemisia annua is more recently being studied and used for eventual treatment for not only malaria, but also many other diseases.

In the recently introduced method of production of graphene from graphite powder in a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids under microwave irradiation, the problem of control over reaction temperature (and thus over the quality of graphene sheets) remains unresolved.

Microwave-enabled exfoliation of graphite oxides has been recently shown to be capable of quickly producing graphene sheets of larger size and with fewer defects with the potential for low-cost mass production.

Scaling up efficient reactions in microwave-assisted chemistry to the level of industrial technology is slowed down by natural difficulties in development of large-scale and highly productive reactors.

This paper addresses the problem of efficient control over microwave-assisted chemical reactions from a microwave engineering perspective.

Micro-swimmers such as spermatozoa are able to efficiently navigate through viscous fluids that contain a sparse network of fibers or other macromolecules.

Inadequate drainage of stormwater, greywater and sewage plagues informal settlement ‘slum’ dwellers throughout the developing world.

Artemisinin (AN) is produced by Artemisia annua, a medicinal herb long used as a tea infusion in traditional Chinese medicine to treat fever; it is also the key ingredient in current artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) effective in treating malaria.

Isoprenoids are a highly diverse and important group of natural compounds. The enzyme 1-deoxy-dxylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) catalyzes a key regulatory step in the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in eubacteria and in plant plastids.

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in complex vector spaces play several important roles in quantum information theory.

In this paper, we propose ThuMouse, a novel interaction paradigm aimed to create a gesture-based and touch-free cursor interaction that accurately tracks the motion of fingers in real-time.

The Aharonov-Bohm effect manifests itself in the interference of electron waves traveling through multiply-connected regions and the flux linked with the paths for the electron.

We investigate the quantum mechanical energy levels of an electron constrained to motion on a nanoscale Möbius ring by solving the Schrödinger equation on the curved surface.

We use the method of dimensional continuation to isolate singularities in integrals containing products of Green's functions or their derivatives.

Trusted insiders that betray an organization can inflict substantial harm. In addition to having privileged access to organization resources and information, these users may be familiar with the defenses surrounding valuable assets.

Understanding how plant cells adapt dynamically to changes in the environment is a fundamental problem of plant biology.

The current research examined whether gender bias in the workplace could be reduced through perspective taking implementation intentions, which are if–then statements that specify how to accomplish goals.

Motivated by a study of cometric (Q-polynomial) association schemes and spherical designs, we wish to determine certain properties of this ideal.

Temperature and light intensity effects on biomass and lipid production were investigated in Ettlia oleoabundans to better understand some fundamental properties of this potentially useful but poorly studied microalgal species.

This paper aims to introduce and illustrate a computational technique capable of determining the geometry and complex permittivity of a supplementary dielectric insert making distributions of microwave-induced dissipated power within the processed material as uniform as possible.

Principles of homogenization of thermal processing in microwave fixation are described along with a corresponding modeling-based optimization procedure.

Microwave heating of graphite powder is the key process of a number of promising applications and emerging technologies ranging from kiln crucibles to synthesis of graphene.

We conduct a public good game with technological growth. In our endogenous growth treatment, subjects invest in the public good production technology (“contribution productivity”) and make contributions to provision.

Rooting of Artemisia annua increases trichome size on leaves and helps drive the final steps of the biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene antimalarial drug, artemisinin.

Stories of climate change impact underreports the voices of ordinary people emerging with firsthand experience of living closest to the land, even though there are myriad justifications for this approach.

We attempt to evaluate the paths to recovery following the flood in 2011 in Thailand, which severely damaged the economy.

Organized crime satisfies a demand for necessary social services in the absence of effective government institutions. This paper examines the rise of the Sicilian mafia.

In a study done by Saeed and Pavlov a generic microstructure of resource competition was developed and stylized using the dynastic cycles that occurred throughout Chinese history.

Nematodes, such as the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, communicate environmental and developmental information with conspecifics through a class of small-molecule pheromones termed ascarosides (Butcher, 2017; Chute and Srinivasan, 2014; Ludewig and Schroeder, 2013).

Residential and small business customers often have need for high instantaneous download throughput for their Internet transactions which can exceed the throughput provided by the customer's Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Many applications in wireless communication, microelectronics, and microwave power engineering rely on dielectrics with particular dielectric properties.

Microwave-assisted chemical reactions have become very popular in preparative chemistry due to many advantages such as accelerated reaction rate, higher chemical yield and lower energy use.

In this paper, we propose Inspection-Friendly TLS (IF-TLS), an IoT-oriented, TLS-based middleware protocol that preserves the encryption offered by TLS while allowing traffic analysis by middleboxes under the user’s control.

The media often contain weight‐stigmatizing material. However, little is known about pregnant and postpartum women’s experiences with media‐based weight stigma.

With pristine-material properties of particular interest, we investigated a series of physicochemical surface treatments including rinsing, abrasion, and cleaving in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV).

We design user study experiments that isolate buffering delays and interrupts, allowing for direct, quantitative comparisons of the impact on QoE for buffering delays versus interrupts.

Our project seeks to directly compare key elements of sports and esports. We researched and analyzed industry sizes, viewer friendliness, and competitiveness of popular sports and esports and made graphs to visualize data.

The photocatalytic degradation of a series of six acid dyes has been tested compared in terms of color removal, mineralization, and toxicity after photocatalysis on immobilized titanium dioxide.

In this study, polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic devices were designed, fabricated, and characterized to produce silk particles through self-association of silk when exposed to PVA.

The goal of this work was to facilitate the logical design of enzymatically crosslinked fibrin microthreads with tunable structural properties, enabling their application for engineered tissue constructs with varied mechanical and structural properties.

Here we demonstrate that Aurora A kinase activity is required for spindle pole clustering in cells with extra centrosomes.

This paper presents the design and performance characteristics of flexible electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pumps, based on EHD conduction pumping technology in macro- and mesoscales.

We hypothesized that the long 5′ UTR of sigA causes this instability. To test this, we constructed fluorescence reporters and measured protein abundance, mRNA abundance, and mRNA half-life and calculated relative transcript production rates.

Parthenope is a robotic musical siren developed to produce unique timbres and sonic gestures. Parthenope uses perforated spinning disks through which air is directed to produce sound.

In this paper, we present PERSEUS, a measurement framework that provides the basis for understanding the performance and cost trade-offs of multi-tenant model serving.

This work focused on development of a soft, lightweight and low-cost robotic glove that patients can wear and use to recover hand functionality, utilizing a portable and intuitive interface.

This project developed a working prototype of the rehabilitative robotic glove which actuates the fingers over a full range of motion across one degree-of-freedom, and is capable of generating a maximum 15N grip force.

In this paper, a low power wireless PPG sensor has been designed. N-back M-pitch, a working memory cognitive test has been used to correlate HRV, extracted from the new sensor, with mental fatigue, indicated by lower accuracy in the test.

In this paper, we present a simple and portable prototype device which simulates the surface EMG signal in order to test myoelectric prostheses with a currently unavailable level of precision.